Self-adjusting packing for pistons



Patented Apr. 5, 1927..4

f izalior LEWIS icl. Hannon, 4on Loner snANnaNEW- 103ml;

l sELF-'ADJUs-TING PAGKINGfFOBLP'I's'roNS:'

This invention relates tof improvements in pistonfpackings; Y Y

Tleiprima-rypbject of,y this inventions is the'vfprovision of? a self f adjusting .packing pumppistons;` being: Lof such nature that yieldable expansion is :exerted on. the piston cumferentia'llyl .thereof to:y insure r-.pioperflit offtlre piston :in `thef cylinder bore. in which l thnpiston operates.I l a Aulizth-er'objectoii this Ainvention istliel provision-vv of vimprovementsf in: pistonlring paoliingsriembodying. x1neans:ior maintaining thefpiston packingsin irin relation with the piston bodiesy upon which :they areffplaced,

*including selfi adj nsti-ng. Lspringl :ineans for maintaining. the' -paclnngsgi1n4 tight e relationy witlmthe piston 'body' on which wthey-Qare placeda; y l U A rfurther object; of this linvention Ais tlre p1ovision-offan y@improved E piston packing period..'of time;tlianfisicustomarywithfIcons in'ffproper:working -ofithe lifollowing.' detail-eddescription.v Y

embodying; meanspfon .foperatingron the saine to take-i up. slack thereon: :incident-to 1 wear; so\tli'atthe piston @mayy operate/within a cylinden innany 1efficient l:manner for" a longer ventionale-pistons;and;packing@therefor. A fzfurther: object V'ofi'this invention'wis the provision of means lwhich ywllwpegr-mit of piston: packing: ringsfgto; aceustom'themselves various;sizesav,.v i y Other :objects andaadvantages :of this. 1111-1 ventionz will be apparent zdurln'g; the course In the :accompanying ,drawing, forming Vfa parti-of :this specification, s and wherein simiz-lA larffreference characters rdesignate wcorrezff:

spend-ing partsthroughoutthe several Niews',4

a the fiinprovecl:packing` arrangement th'erefon in'stlie lrelationtolthepistonand cylinder in@ whichrlthe* (fpiston operates; i.

'FigunefQ f s fa cross sectional substantially onrtlie line'2'-:2'of-Figureg1;

off) Figurer '2. 5 y. l

Showingx :novel'fdetaillsfof this tinvention. l 2 l p View taken'- Inf {the-drawing?wherein 'iforzzth'ejipurposen .i y I oli' illustra/tron: is: shownwtlre preferred. emi-.y-

lbodiInent :of this invention, 'theletter :1X/mayy j' i soL particularly well 1 adapted i tor,- reciprocatingzfthe 1 improyedm'-packingl o arrangement: I Bg);

.. fadaptedx toi fcooperate infinovelorelation. WithA v yt the:y bodyl arrangiert-lent Cofitheipistonie, and; p

packingboth laxially@ of `the piston 'andl cire z wlthzm 'fcylinrlen-'D a in'. which ithefpiston LA;

generallydesignatea a piston which inclndes vbodlylmay` 'begr off-cour'se; not: variouslfshapesfaand:sizes and laolaptedrlorf '1l wliicl1."ancl inathe'annulaia groove QGpackingf arrangement B s:iadaptedltoflbeseatedwin la f Ynoyel f'rel'ati (bn:atoiebevnubgquently: d'ecribedg A* The' plstonffboulynC imayihavea taperedfl pas-1 f:

the taperedrendii of Ithetpi'stonf lrod; Q6.; the' 'aov e ytaperec'l:4 endlsffheing: :screw E*threaded1' and a adapted tolare'ceive a nutn'QS for; thetclainp-u..I

zupon t'lieapi'stonfrodfL y Inrthmpreferre'd construction tlierpalcking f arrangement B preferablyi iincludes'i ai pair fof v l. g uppen'packingirin'gs@SkandiSOfan'd :a pair L v of -lowerfxpachingisringsifl' an'dlI 32;#A lThese 'fpacliing rngsrQQmto S32-inclusive")megapref.;` l f 1 erablyl-'ofatliezrsaine"constructiong1 and.l are of `9o the -expansble lap jointed 'typeofconvens 4 ,relation toycylinders;of'wtional .-rtorinatilonpe Thesef'iannulan'ringsqof 1 courselaare disposed in theigrooveJQO.oiigthe" i piston; lbodyistnu'cture' and: between: the' up f` y per spainrandl lower 'fpairlfof n piston :p ackings '95 fof thea pis-ton lbody L2 structure;l lto` 'pr-event .ings'fin the gromie," incident' to wear 1 or Y other causes:- .z a

v f it is preferredetofprowide anexpansionistrucflf 2 ture,V 35' 'i which exerts' La yeldable expandingforceu in oppositei'edirections1on1the 'upper c and@ Vlower :'pains ofi, pa'e'liingbrings,2 to `main.: a f f' taintsaid pachingiringsainliirrnlseating'rela- Figure: 'el .is a :crossf sectional View ltaketn longitudinally n through r4a. u piston; showing;

which?exertsanlexpansion.force "on the -pis- 1tonrringscania'llyof fthe pistomlf the Same lin.; pvclndesoapainoficlosedfring)sectionslBS'andf` i 39,.'respectlveiyrghavingffa` facn'g'- annular-M10 .duced tongue #il adapted to2 fitti in sldingf l l y l c f 105` 1 Referringntoz@.thezfexpansion lstructure 35 v [o f `laterallyfioi eachother. f It. is. preferred to i providefa 'plurality of pockets48-i-nwardly i of` thesection :39 .of the.structurel-35,*y and l ""more particularly opening upwardly through theltop surface of thetongue 41. E xpansion1 springs`50,- preferably I .of .the-.spiral type anaemia aiejgfoove; 4.o. The gmoveio is f fis-.-

.""3extend "upwardlyrom the .top vsurface of y thek tongue .41 `for engagement against .the 2, bottom surface of the groove. .40. inthe secplacedy in the, section 38 between the inner and outer peripheral vcircumterences there-y jof,land the outer andV innerperipheral snr-V tacesofthe tongue 41 areflikewise disposed inwardly lfof their adjacenty inner `yand outer.. .V .peripheral circumferences ofthe section 39.y l 1 The tongue 41 has asnuggslidinggfitg in the groovev 40 so'fthat'thev sections 38 and 39 may be relatively moyedaxial, although not are yieldably lseatediifn these; pockets 48 and )tion-38;` yThese 'springs 50 rmaintain the sec- I readily `be understood that the springs '50 y" i tions 38an'dv 39 of` the expansionfstructure 35"in such relationfthat they may lbe'moved 'toward .eachother 'tofcompress the; springs.

The springs 50areentirely sealedbetween the sections 38 )and-'39 when thev structure f Y* is: assembledlwl In` 'order.to.. prevent..dei v"Iltachment,of the' sections V38 and'39, fit is vl`fpreferredto provide"'aplurality vof pins or j screws a,V which slidably'extend through v'suitable .openings 5l in the 'sectionv39, and .vattheir. screw threaded Iends arein engage- ,ment; withthe section38.. The heads. 52 `of thescrews 50?are slidably disposed in pock- .Jet's}53 provided inwardly from the. lower'v orlouter faceV ofthe section `39, and 'v itcan fcan onlyurgethe sections`38 Vand 39 away from each oth'eri'intilv the head of the screws 50 vcom-esy into. engagement' with the' vbottom ojfthepockets V53,` and .at thispoint the sec- Y tions-38.andf.39s,are still maintained in an.

"fassembled relation with` the .'tongue",41.in

location above mentioned will factltotcom- Xpress the rings29.and30together1to mainftainthem in tight .seating Irlelat.ion-.between similar manner thev expanding` structure' 35 jexertin'g itszforce .axially'zof thev pistonacts i f o rrithe. pair o f packing rings 31; and 32a to compress the same into .tighty seated-,relation againstithefsurtace 21 ofthe piston fbodyg' For the` pairoirings 29 -and 30 a'circu'm- `t`erentialj expanding elementt). isprovided, 'tending to `exert a "radial expanding force 0n Athe packing rings'29 and l30to` seatthem into `firm sliding lengagement 1 against the wall surfaces 63 of; the cylinder D'. within which the piston operates. Infsimilar man-..

' fne'r allike expandin-gring 64'1isproyided for v'operation againstvthe packing ,rings 31' and ."321tofur`ge theminto irm seating engage,-

VmentV aga-inst,y they' cylinder wall The ies of the packing rings.

From'l the .foregoing description of this in- The yexpansion structure 35placedfin the -1'10 packing rings are less in thickness than the j depth of the 'groove 2 0 ofthe piston body within which `theyl are placed, so that an annular pocket `65 occurs between the pair of rings29` and 30 and the piston bodyporf tion 15, 'within which the expanding ring shaped member 60' is placed. Invr like manner Vthe packing rings 30 and 31 are only suiiicient in thickness to provide aA pocket' Gbetweenfthe same andthe pistonbody 15 toreceve'the expanding ring (i4-which .acts against thev piston packings 31 and 32.

The piston `ring expanding members 60 and'64 are of analogous formation, and arev of inherent vresiliency ynormally tending to expand within' their respective Vpockets 65 and 66 toward the packing'rings against which they engage into yieldabley sliding en-.. gagement with the cylinder wall. These members 60 and 64 are split, as at 70,'and. .inwardly .thereof atone end,"each member 60 and 64vhas ay connecting piecev 71 iixed therewith, extending outwardly of the vouter edge of the end to which it is iixed,=and vproviding at its outwardly extending` portion a groove 72. Thisvconnecting piece 71 is iixed at the inner periphery ot the members 60 and 64, and the longitudinal groove 72 'provided therein slidably receives'a stop pin 74,

carried by the opposite end of vthe members- 60 .and 64 to that end to which the piece 7()v This pin Z4-and. piece 71 permit is fixed.v

limited expansion of the members 60V or 64, f

as the case may be, and enables their ready assemblage ofthe members 60 and 64. It is l'oo i' i Vto be noted that the members 60^and 64. are `held in place Iat'opposite sides of the struc-l ture 35, incident to thei fact that the structure 35 extends practically tothe lbottom an' nularsurface ofthe groove 20 and .provides upper and' lower surfaces projecin'g inwardly ofthe groovek 20 beyond the inner vention itis apparentthata self adjusting peripher'- f packing arrangement has been providedIw-ithl pistons, by means ofl which-the piston'packbersGO and 64 and their respective pairs of piston packings k.will be `.()10, sothat the ex-W pansion'rings 60 and 64are permitted free expansive movement in their respective pockets, and sdthat the structure '35 is.en-

tabled toy act in its axial expansion against The limited amplitude.y

the packing rings. offmovement ot the structure 35 and the ex-k .pansiony rings 60and'564 notonly assures any i rangement of parts, and construction of thel easy assemblagev of the part, but permits only a limited Wear on the packing rings, so that damage on the parts cannot bekoccasioned because of too far wear on the packing rings.

Various changes in the shape, size, ar-

parts out of different materials, may, be made to the inventionhereinshown and described, witliout departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the claims.

I claim:

l. An expanding device for maintaining piston packings properly on the piston'body comprising a pair of annular rings,`one ha*- ing a tongue thereonv and the other having la groove adaptedA to receive the tongue,

spring means for forcing the rings away from each other, and means to` limit the amplitude of movement of the rings away from each other.

2. In self adjusting packing for pistons the combination of apair of annular expansible rings, one lof the same being provided witlia reduced groove inwardly of a surface thereof, the other being provided with a reduced tongue for sliding transversely in said groove, the said annular ,tonguebeing provided with pockets for re- 3. An expanding device for maintaining.y

piston'packings properly on the piston ,body comprising a pair of annular rings, one of the same being provided with a reduced groove upwardly of a surface thereof and the otherhaving a reduced tongue extending upwardly of a surface thereof adapted to slide transversely in the groove ofthe first mentioned ring, said ring in which" the tongue is provided having pockets downwardlythrough said tongue, spiral compreslsion springs carried in said pockets adapted to project upwardly therefrom whereby to be disposed in the groove of the ring inj which said groove is formed to hold said rings in spaced resilient relation,` and means for limiting the outward amplitude of move# ment of said rings to maintain the springs in a secreted relation between said rings.v

4. In an expanding device of theclass de- .scribed a pair of rings being provided with tongue'and groove joints whereby to connect said rings for transverse sliding, means act-ing on said rings normally tending to resilientlyforce the same apart, and means carried by said rings for connectingv them to limit the amplitude of movement ofj the same spring means.

away from each other responsive to 'said l'Lewis o. Hannon. 

